Original Research Paper
Histopathological Study Of Hysterectomy Specimens - A Study At Tertiary Care Hospital
Background: The Female genital tract is a highly responsive to hormonal influences. The configuration of uterus changes throughout the life. Its a very vital organ subjected to many benign and malignant lesions due to hormonal imbalances. Women worldwide suffer from gynecological and obstetric disorders which need hysterectomy as a treatment option and this may involve removal of the fallopian tube and ovary depending on clinical symptoms, age and parity of the woman. The aim of this study is to study the histopathological features of varied uterine lesions, their profile and distribution of different lesions in relation of age. Material and Method: The present study is carried out during the period of June 2019 to July 2021. Gross examinations of specimens were performed as per CAP protocol and microscopic examination done and findings were noted. Lesions from representative sections were studied and classified according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification of Tumours of Female Reproductive Organs.Result: The present study which was comprised of 166 cases of hysterectomy specimens was carried out from June 2019 to July 2021. The most commonly affected age group was 31-50 years, being most common age group for non-neoplastic lesions and benign neoplastic lesions. The malignant cases reported were in between 41-60 years of age group. The most common presenting complaint was menorrhagia, out of which 41% cases were diagnosed as leiomyoma, 15% cases were of adenomyosis and 8% cases consisting of both leiomyoma with adenomyosis. Uterovaginal prolapse was second most common indication comprise of 24% of cases. Out of total 54 specimens of ovary studied, 14 (26%) accounted for benign non-neoplastic lesions. Amongst those, the highest number of cases reported were of follicular cysts i.e. 35% followed by simple ovarian cysts which accounted for 29% of the total non-neoplastic lesions.Conclusion: Though the histopathological analysis correlates well with the clinical diagnoses, few lesions like chronic cervicitis and adenomyosis encountered as pure incidental findings. Hence, it is mandatory that every hysterectomy specimen, even if it grossly appears to be normal, should be subjected to detailed histopathological analysis so as to ensure a better postoperative management.
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